
<html>
<head>
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
	<link rel=stylesheet href='include/hoj.css' type='text/css'>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<div style="width:90%; text-align:left">
<img src="image/logo.png"/>
</div>
<table width=96%> 
	<tr align="center" class='hd' valign="top">
				<th><a href="faqs.php">F.A.Qs</a></th>
		<th><a href="./bbs.php">Web Board</a></th>
		<th><a href="./">Home</a></th>
		<th><a href="./problemset.html">ProblemSet</a></th>
		<th><a href="./status.php">Status</a></th>
		<th><a href="./ranklist.php">Ranklist</a></th>
		<th><a href="./contest.php">Contest</a></th>
		<th><a href=loginpage.php>Login</a></th><th><a href=registerpage.php>Register</a></th>	</tr>
</table>
</center>
<center>
<div class="notice">
	<div>
		<B>Notice:</B>鉴于种种原因，本OJ自下周星期一（3月5号）开始不再全面开放，请各位做好善后事宜，谢谢合作。	</div>
</div>
</center>
</div>
<title>Problem 2273. -- [Usaco2011 Feb]The Lost Cows  -- 衡阳八中OJ离线版-2012-02-29</title><center><h2>2273: [Usaco2011 Feb]The Lost Cows </h2><span class=green>Time Limit: </span>10 Sec&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=green>Memory Limit: </span>128 MB<br><span class=green>Submit: </span>9&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=green>Solved: </span>0<br>[<a href='submitpage.php?id=2273'>Submit</a>][<a href='problemstatus.php?id=2273'>Status</a>][<a href='bbs.php?id=2273'>Discuss</a>]</center><h2>Description</h2><div class=content><p><br />
One sunny day farmer John was kidnapped by evil farmer Marcus's<br />
cows. FJ wasn't too concerned about his forced holiday but wanted<br />
to make sure that his cows got home safely together.<br />
<br />
The cows are spread out in every one of FJ's N (3 &lt;= N &lt;= 200)<br />
pastures conveniently numbered 1..N. The barn is located at pasture<br />
1. The farm has an interesting navigation system: at every pasture<br />
i there are M (1 &lt;= M &lt;= 200) signs S_ij (1 &lt;= S_ij &lt;= N) which one<br />
could reference as S_i1..S_iM; each sign points the way to a pasture.<br />
Sometimes a sign points to a path that leads back to the same<br />
pasture.<br />
<br />
Farmer Marcus's cows allow FJ to write a single message to all of<br />
his cows. FJ's plan is to write a list of sign numbers such that<br />
any cow who follows those instructions will all arrive at the barn<br />
when each cow has completed all the instructions.<br />
<br />
When a cow starts at a given pasture then she will first follow the<br />
path indicated by the first sign number on FJ's list. When she<br />
arrives at the second pasture, she looks at the second sign of FJ's<br />
list and follows the path marked by that sign. She continues until<br />
she exhausts the instruction list, at which point she should be at<br />
the barn.<br />
<br />
Find a list of instructions containing no more than 5,000,000 sign<br />
numbers that will guide every cow, from every pasture, to the barn<br />
after all instructions are followed.&nbsp; It is guaranteed that such a<br />
list exists.<br />
<br />
Consider a set of three signs in four pastures that direct the cows<br />
like these do:<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ** Pasture# **<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sign 1&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sign 2&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sign 3&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1<br />
<br />
The set of instructions below will direct cows to the barn from any<br />
of the four pastures:<br />
<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Instruction#&nbsp;&nbsp; Sign#&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Instruction#&nbsp;&nbsp; Sign#<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2<br />
<br />
The cow in pasture 1 will read sign #1 at time 1 and be directed<br />
to pasture 4.&nbsp; At time 2, she is in pasture 4 and (per FJ's<br />
instructions) read sign #2 and then be directed to pasture 4. Below<br />
is a table that shows the cow's travels:<br />
<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * * * *&nbsp; Cow in pasture&nbsp; 1&nbsp; * * * *<br />
<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Time&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CurrentPasture#&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; WhichSign&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sign-&gt;Nextpasture<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4 (same pasture!)<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2 (same pasture)<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1 Barn!<br />
<br />
Similarly: Pasture 2's cow visits pastures [2]-4-4-3-2-2-4-1. <br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pasture 3's cow visits pastures [3]-1-1-4-4-1-4-1.<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pasture 4's cow visits pastures [4]-3-2-4-4-1-4-1.<br />
<br />
Given a set of signs, create a set of instructions.<br />
</p></div><h2>Input</h2><div class=content><p><br />
* Line 1: Two space separated integers: N and M<br />
<br />
* Lines 2..M+1: Line i+1 describes the contents of each pasture's N<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; signs with N integers: S_1i..S_Ni<br />
</p></div><h2>Output</h2><div class=content><p><br />
* Lines 1..?: The sign numbers the cows should follow, one per line.</p></div><h2>Sample Input</h2>
			<div class=content><span class=sampledata>4 3<br />
4 4 1 3<br />
1 3 2 4<br />
4 2 3 1<br />
<br />
<br />
</span></div><h2>Sample Output</h2>
			<div class=content><span class=sampledata>1<br />
2<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
1<br />
3<br />
<br />
</span></div><h2>HINT</h2>
			<div class=content><p></p></div><h2>Source</h2>
			<div class=content><p><a href='problemset.html?search=Gold'>Gold</a></p></div><center>[<a href='submitpage.php?id=2273'>Submit</a>][<a href='problemstatus.php?id=2273'>Status</a>][<a href='bbs.php?id=2273'>Discuss</a>]</center>﻿<br>

<a href="./"><span class=red>HOME</span></a>
<a href="javascript:history.go(-1)"><span class=red>Back</span></a>

<hr>
<center>
	<div class="footer">
			<a href=setlang.php?lang=ko>한국어</a>&nbsp;
		<a href=setlang.php?lang=cn>中文</a>&nbsp;
		<a href=setlang.php?lang=fa>فارسی</a>&nbsp;
		<a href=setlang.php?lang=en>English</a>&nbsp;
		<a href=setlang.php?lang=th>ไทย</a>
	<br>		<div>版权所有 &copy;2008-2012 WaterPark Organization. | <script src="http://s21.cnzz.com/stat.php?id=2982771&web_id=2982771" language="JavaScript"></script>
</div>
		<div>Based on opensource project <a href="http://hustoj.googlecode.com">hustoj</a>.</div>
	</div>
</center>
</body>
</html>
